Training and Development - 737 Words

Training and Development Week 6 Steve, There is a huge value to have a mentor program. Benefits of a Mentor Program provide opportunities for the employees to... * Explore the world of work through interaction with professionals. * Familiarize them with corporate protocol. * Identify long-term professional development needs. * Realize the value of networking. * Develop a meaningful professional relationship over a specified period of time. With developing a mentor program it gives one way of formalizing the relationship between individuals in a professional way. Mentor programs offer a structured setting in which to develop beneficial one-on-one relationships between employees and the professionals. Acting†¦show more content†¦Businesses should ensure that top management is involved in the program and in its inception, otherwise it won’t get the attention and enthusiasm it needs to become part of the business culture (http://www.cbsnews.com). As we organize the mentor program, we will first want t o develop some basic guidelines. Who will be eligible to participate? How long will the mentor relationship last? How will students and professionals be matched? We will have an individual be designated to coordinate the program. This person can hold an office such as mentor coordinator, mentor director, or chairman, mentor programs. A committee also may be formed as needed to assist the coordinator in implementing the program. Enrollment forms should be developed for those interested in participating. Mentors will usually be assigned for a specified amount of time such as one semester or one academic year. The time period should be decided in advance and communicated to potential mentors so they understand what their time commitment will be (www.ehow.com). Once established, the mentor committee or coordinator we will: Establish requirements for participation in the program and create enrollment forms. * Must be a current employee * Be willing to commit to mentor program for a period of time Establish specific mentor activities and guidelines. * Mentors must communicate with managers at least once everyShow MoreRelatedEffects of Staff Training and Development3086 Words   |  13 PagesRESEARCH PROPOSAL TOPIC: EFFECTS OF STAFF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT OF SECRETARIAL STAFF IN AN ORGANIZATION A Study to be carried out in the Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology department of National Council for Science and Technology (NCST) and department of department of Research Management Directorate (DRMD) 0. INTRODUCTION 1. Problem Statement Training is a learning process that involves the acquisition of knowledge, sharpening of skillsRead MoreThe Development And Diversity Training Program2356 Words   |  10 Pageshave updated their training, education process and has made it accessible for all types of staff that will allow employee’s better advancements, work-life balance, and a flexible training process. This will help to position technology-based organization a training application and will continue a learning advancement. An organization has become a global with their businesses, they start to become more complex with cultural diversity and training. Having a cultural diversity training program that willRead MoreTraining Development : Training And Development2673 Words   |  11 Pages Running head: TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT Training and Development in Designing Human Resource Programs Webster University April 5 2015 Dr. Marty Davis Capstone 6000 Leadership and Management â€Æ' Thesis Training and Development enhances the organizations structure and has different approaches to learning and development skill which is an important, strategies that reflects the approach of strong employee and potential candidates’ growth within an organization. Everyone is different and learnsRead MoreTraining, Training And Development1521 Words   |  7 Pageslearning, training and development are crucial for large organizations which believe that after the training, their employees would well develop and apply the new skills which they have learnt to benefit their organizations. However, many studies have shown that only ten percent of trainees apply what they have learnt from training to a job (Fitzatrick, 2001). However, learning, training and development will be considered to be one thing in this paper because while employees are training, they areRead MoreTraining And Development : Training Essay1922 Words   |  8 PagesEXECUTIVE SUMMARY TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT: - Training and Development is defined as, â€Å"The systematic collection of expressive and critical information to make fruitful and efficient training and development decisions related to the selection, adoption value and modification of various instructional activities.† Training and development programs are the key factors in building excellent employees to support Lows Corporation in customer in customer satisfaction. Training is any attempt toRead MoreTraining And Development : Training Essay2666 Words   |  11 PagesINTRODUCTION ON TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT TRAINING and DEVELOPMENT incorporates three fundamental exercises: preparing, instruction, and development. Preparing: This action is both centered upon, and assessed against, the occupation that an individual right now holds. Instruction: This movement centers upon the occupations that an individual may possibly hold later on, and is assessed against those jobs. Advancement: This movement centers upon the exercises that the association utilizing the individualRead MoreTraining and Development784 Words   |  4 PagesTRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT â€Å"Training and development refers to the imparting of specific skills,abilities and knowledge to an employee.† Training and development is any attempt to improve current or future employee performance by increasing an employee’s ability to perform through learning,usually by changing the employee’s attitude or increasing his or her skills and knowledge. WHAT IS TRAINING ? Training is concerned with imparting developing specific skills for a particular purpose.Traning isRead MoreTraining and Development1208 Words   |  5 PagesDevelopment and Training Paper Training and development programs are introduced to organizations to improve the knowledge, skills, and abilities of employees. In addition, development and training programs are essential for an organization to successfully train and educate their employees. The quality and variety of the training companies provide is key for motivation. Reasons for training range from new-hire training about your operation to introducing a new concept to a workgroup. QualityRead MoreTraining Development1204 Words   |  5 PagesMethod of development The method of development is divided in to 3 target areas: 1. Individual 2. Group 3. Organizational Individual methods/techniques: To develop individual’s skill to set and accomplish goals, goal setting technique is used. Behavioral amendment is the use of person erudition in the course of strengthening. All methods can be used to develop a person’s skill to accomplish his or company’s desired goals. Goal setting: Goal is a set of deed which a person attempts to achieveRead MoreTraining Development1204 Words   |  5 PagesMethod of development The method of development is divided in to 3 target areas: 1. Individual 2. Group 3. Organizational Individual methods/techniques: To develop individual’s skill to set and accomplish goals, goal setting technique is used. Behavioral amendment is the use of person erudition in the course of strengthening. All methods can be used to develop a person’s skill to accomplish his or company’s desired goals. Goal setting: Goal is a set of deed which a person attempts to achieve. For

, Symbolism, And Themes In The Lottery, By Shirley Jackson

Shirley Jackson’s The Lottery, is a realism story that was written for the main purpose of entertainment. Jackson writes about a small village that gathers every year for an event they call â€Å"The Lottery†. Every head of households comes up and draws a slip of paper from the box. Bill Hutchinson draws the first slip of paper with the black dot but Tessie Hutchinson quickly exclaims the lottery is not fair. Mr. Summers then puts five slips of paper back into the box, one for each of the family members, and has them all draw out a single sheet. To determine who will be stoned. When they open their slips, they find that Tessie has the slip with the black dot. Everyone in the village then begins to stone her to death. Throughout the story,†¦show more content†¦The villagers also act very nonchalant about the entire ordeal. Summers has a pleasant name, which matches his description as â€Å"a round-faced, jovial man†. Mr. Summers is the mayor of the town a nd also runs the coal company. When a person thinks of summer one generally thinks of pleasure and happiness. His name is ironic because his job is contradicting to these thoughts. Summer is in charge of the killing of a villager, which barely seems pleasurable. As the plot progress some of the characters make ironic statements. There is a passage about the Watson boy drawing for him and his mother, which can be understood as his father was the one who was killed last year. One voice from the crowd says â€Å"Good fellow, lack† and another says â€Å"Glad to see your mother’s got a man to do it.† These two statements make it sound like Jack is a warrior, and his father was not a man because he was sacrificed to the lottery. Another ironic statement is made by Tessie after her family was chosen. She says â€Å"It wasn’t fair† referring to her husband drawing the piece of paper with the black dot. It is ironic that she is the only one who sees that the lottery really is not fair and is eventually killed because of it. The black box of which the pieces of paper are drawn out of represents the tradition of the lottery and the unreasonable loyalty of the villagers’ to the tradition. The black box is worn andShow MoreRelatedTheme Of Symbolism In The Lottery By Shirley Jackson960 Words   |  4 Pagesshall be purged with death. The beauty of this world is just a mere mask to hide its monstrosity.Tear off its mask and you shall be bestowed upon the gift of the cruelty of this world. Shirley Jackson’s short story the â€Å"Lottery† illustrates the character Tessie Hutchinson as a figure of symbolism as it leads to the theme that the norms of society isolates those who are a victim of labels and expectations because they decorate the origins of sins therefore premonition of the ruin to some extent becomesRead MoreGreat Theme of Symbolism in the Short Story, The Lottery, by by Shirley Jackson1033 Words   |  4 Pagesthe short fictions read in the Grade 11 English curriculum, The Lot tery by Shirley Jackson is by far the most important story read because of the theme, the characters and the symbolism. The Lottery is a story about a community, who every year draws the lottery for someone in the village. A lottery is often associated with positive things such as prizes, and money, however, this story has a twist; whoever gets the black marked lottery ticket is stoned by the community people as it is a long traditionRead MoreAnalysis of The Lottery by Shirley Jackson993 Words   |  4 PagesSpanish author, When we blindly adopt a religion, a political system, a literary dogma, we become automatons. We cease to grow. Shirley Jackson was born in 1919 in San Francisco, California to Leslie and Geraldine Jackson. She is most well known for her short story titled â€Å"The Lottery† which was first published in The New Yorker to overwhelming and mixed reviews. The lottery, as portrayed in the short story, is a religious, annual ceremony in the afternoon of June 27. This event is said to be olderRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of The Lottery By Shirley Jackson910 Words   |  4 PagesL iterary Analysis of the Short Story â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson Shirley Jackson explores the subject of tradition in her short story â€Å"The Lottery†. A short story is normally evaluated based on its ability to provide a satisfying and complete presentation of its characters and themes. Shirley describes a small village that engages in an annual tradition known as â€Å"the lottery†. Narrating the story from a third person point of view, Shirley uses symbolism, foreshadowing and suspense to illustrateRead MoreLiterary Elements in The Lottery, by Shirley Jackson1334 Words   |  6 Pagesshort story, â€Å"The Lottery,† by Shirley Jackson communicates this theme by showing how the villagers participate in a lottery every year. In life, there are people who follow tradition because the have to, or they are used to following without question. The author, Shirley Jackson was born on December 14, 1916 in San Francisco, California. In 1937, Shirley Jackson attended Syracuse University where she began to write short stories. She was famous for the short story, â€Å"The Lottery,† and her best sellerRead MoreSymbolism in The Lottery, by Shirley Jackson Essay example1173 Words   |  5 PagesWhen most people play the lottery today, they think about having wealth. Generally, people who win are happy about it whether they win one dollar or a million. The lottery in our society has grown to support education and it is often worth several million dollars. Usually, the winner of the lottery gains a lot of recognition for the money they win. But what would happen if there was a small town where people held a yearly lottery in which the â€Å"winner† was the member of the town who was not sacrificedRead MoreThe Unexpected Surprise of Violence1009 Words   |  5 Pagesvalued once risks are taken, but the outcome is never expected. Shirley Jackson, reader of witchcraft books, horrifies people with her perspective on the understanding of merciless rituals that kept communities at ease. Shirley Jackso n develops her theme of unexpected violence in her short story â€Å"The Lottery† through the use of irony, symbolism, and denouement. On a summer day in a small town in the short story, â€Å"The Lottery†, Jackson takes advantage of the peaceful environment and adds a convolutedRead MoreThe Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas Analysis876 Words   |  4 PagesUrsula K. Le Guin and â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson address the theme of religious and traditional symbolism.† The Lottery† demonstrates how something that seems so perfect on the outside isn’t all that great on the inside. Symbolism shows the reader that there is a deeper message within the diction. â€Å"The Lottery† addresses the theme more successfully than â€Å"The Ones Who Walked Away from the Omelas† with the greater use of religious and traditional symbolism. The symbolisms in â€Å"The Ones Who Walk AwayRead MoreAnalysis Of Shirley Jackson s The Lottery Essay878 Words   |  4 PagesMichael Espinoza English 1302-5003 Professor Johnson June 22, 2015 Research-Based Argument Essay Shirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery† Born on December 14, 1916, in San Francisco, California, Shirley Jackson was an American author whose novels and short stories are still relevant today. Jackson grew up in California and moved East with her family when she was 17 years old. She began her college career at the University of Rochester, withdrew for one year to practice her writing skills at homeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Lottery By Shirley Jackson1220 Words   |  5 PagesProfessor Lail April 27 2016 The Unlucky Winner â€Å"The Lottery† is a short story written by Shirley Jackson in late June of 1948. Jackson was born into a middle class family and her parents are Leslie Jackson, who was a stay at home housewife, and Geraldine Jackson, who was an employee of a lithographing company. Jackson loved to write in her early years, as a child she would always write poems and always kept a journal. Although Jackson spent her first few years in California, around her teenage

The structure of the poem is v... free essay sample

The structure of the poem is very important. Each sentence has hidden meanings to be interpreted by the reader. Dickinson uses capital letters for specific words throughout the entire poem to draw in the reader to these specific words, it gives them emphasis and shows that they have significance to the poem and its meaning. She also uses dashes throughout to representing the speakers breathing. The dashes represent each breath as the speaker is taking her last breathes of life. The opening line of the poem starts off rather dull as she says I heard a Fly buzz (1). We would expect the poem to be sort of flat by reading this but then she quickly adds the effect of shock after a short pause where she says I heard a Fly buzz ? when I died (1). This informs the readers that this is her last moment of life before she died and this draws the reader in to read more. We will write a custom essay sample on The structure of the poem is v or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Dickinson uses a lot of literary devices among the poem to add a meaningful effect. She uses a lot of repetition throughout the poem. She often repeats the words room and stillness as these words have a powerful effect because they show the lifelessness of the woman as she is slowly dying and analyzing her last moments. All of her sentences in the poem have some sort of hidden meaning. For example, And Breaths were gathering firm For that last Onset (6-7). This is an oxymoron onset meaning the beginning and last meaning the end. These two contradictory words represent the hidden meaning that even though the woman is dying and she is having her last moments there is some sort of eternal life that awaits her after death. The tone in the poem is very calm and lifeless as the speaker is dying. We can see that the death in this poem is painless. She gives death a sense of normality and that it should not be feared. She gives the message that death is inevitable and we must accept it one way or another. She shows how there is indeed some sort of afterlife once we all die. There is also some irony throughout the poem as she says that The way the poem is written leaves the readers with a lot of unanswered questions and room for interpretation. The narrator is in fact dead but is still speaking, this gives the reader the sense that the narrator could be possibly immortal or that immortality exists and we always have a state of eternal consciousness, dead or alive. The narrator explains her death and it mostly revolves around this fly. The fly represents some sort of expectation because she is awaiting her death and the only thing that isnt concerned or affected by her dying is this fly. The fly continues to live its life and doesnt stop flying for the dying woman. This shows how in life dying is a natural thing and even though it is tragic life continues to move on one way or another. The people in the room are affected by her dying but we see when she says the line The Eyes around ? had wrung them dry (5). They have already started to move on because they have cried all their tears that they had for this woman and are awaiting her death to arrive. They all remain silent and the only thing she can hear is this fly buzzing. We see that the death for the woman isnt painful as she has cut all her ties with the world around her, as Dickinson writes: I willed my Keepsakes ? Signed away (9). This shows how she is anticipating her death and she is ready for death to come. The fly could represent many things as well. The narrator says when the King Be witnessed ? in the Room ? I willed my Keepsakes ? Signed away What portion of me be Assignable ? and then it was There interposed a Fly (7-12). This part of the poem could be interpreted many ways by the reader. She could be saying how the fly somehow represents the King because the King was to be expected and then the fly shows up. I interpreted the fly representing the meaning of death. We know in life flies are drawn to death and are attracted to dead corpses so the fly could be a representation meaning that her body is already starting the decaying process which draws the fly to her.

Wegmans Food Markets v. Camden Property Trust

Introduction Climbing the top of the global charts for the most successful companies of the year is not an easy task, yet both Wegmans Food Markets and Camden Property Trust managed to land at the top fifteen. Belonging to different industries yet sharing a range of similarities, the companies can be characterized by a set of rather sensible HR strategies.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Wegmans Food Markets v. Camden Property Trust specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Incorporating their assets into their competitive strategies, Wegmans and Camden managed to attain impressive revenues in 2014 and integrate into the global market successfully, yet the organizations will have to consider shaping their HR strategies towards corporate social responsibility in order to maintain their quality standards. Industries Comparison Both retail and construction (real estate), which Wegmans and Camden correspondingly belo ng to, are considered rather prosperous industries. For instance, sales for retail reached $3.19 trillion, which is 3% higher than it was in the previous year (Annual Retail Industry Sales in the United States from 2000 to 2014 (in trillion U.S. Dollars) par. 1). In fact, as the graph below shows, the retail industry has grown significantly over the past decade in the United States. The phenomenon in question can be attributed to the development of the global market. Figure 1. Retail Industry in the U.S. (Annual Retail Industry Sales in the United States from 2000 to 2014 (in Trillion U.S. Dollars par. 1)) The same can be said about the retail industry. The increase in the amount of the U.S. population is obvious (); thus, retail industry must grow so that the increased demand of the U.S. population could be met.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Size According to th e statistical data, the size of the real estate industry makes approximately 945,500 employees (NAICS par. 1). The Products The retail industry is known for providing its target customers with products that are typically characterized as hard and soft goods, food and arts (). The real estate industry, in its turn, offers all kinds of immovable property, particularly, houses and flats for purchase, rent and lease. Services Apart from renting buildings, the real estate industry offers brokerage and property assessment, as well as research and rent. The retail industry, in its turn, has a rather scarce amount of services, delivery being the primary one. Customers Customers use the services of retail industries much more often than the ones of the real estate industry. The specified phenomenon is quite understandable, as the products such as food, clothes, articles of personal use, etc. Economic and Regulatory Environment In the United States, the retail industry is traditionally regula ted by the Retail Law and the Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. Environmental protection Agency par. 1). The above-mentioned organizations define the quality of products to be supplied to the end customer and, therefore, determine the quality standards for the retail companies working in the U.S. environment. As far as the real estate industry is concerned, the latter is governed by the Real Estate and Property Law (Real Estate Law par. 1), as well as local laws specific for each state. Companies’ Analysis Mission According to the official statement issued by Wegmans Food Market, the organization’s mission concerns maintaining sustainability (Wegmans Food Market par. 1). Camden Property Trust, in its turn, aims at â€Å"making the country a better place to live† (About Us par. 1).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Wegmans Food Markets v. Camden Property Trust specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page L earn More The specified goals can be viewed as adequate for the industries that the firms operate in. Moreover, the mission statements provided above show that both companies are willing to satisfy all stakeholders involved, which clearly makes both firms competitive in the target markets. Vision Unlike Camden, whose vision involves promoting sustainable use of resources, Wegmans aims at a much more global outcome. Particularly, the company uses an American proverb as its vision statement in order to convey the idea of harmlessness and sustainability: â€Å"We do not inherit the Earth from our ancestors; we borrow it from our children† (Caroll and Buchholtz 133). Values Wegman’s values align with its vision; much like the latter, they are also rather vague, including commonplace statements such as â€Å"caring,† â€Å"high standards,† â€Å"making a difference† and â€Å"respect† (Wegmans 3). Camden’s values, on the contrary, are ra ther distinct and very direct, involving the concern the above-mentioned concept of empowerment. Therefore, it seems that Wegmans could use a better set of values, which could be directed at its core stakeholders directly. Core Business Wegmans traditionally defines people as its core business (Holtom, Mitchell and Lee 316). The specified statement is quite reasonable in the light of the fact that the company values its every single stakeholder and puts an equally strong emphasis on its staff and its clients. Camden, in its turn, makes it quite clear that environmental awareness and sustainability are the business practices that constitute the basis of the company’s operations (About Us par. 1). Consequently, Camden is focused on the community rather than on individual stakeholders. Promoting a Competitive Advantage Wegmans Food Markets Learning is the basis for creating a competitive advantage in the organization (), which is a rather reasonable concept of an HR strategy. In stead of viewing its HR resources merely as labor force, the company invests into its staff by promoting learning in the organization and enhancing the significance of personal and professional evolution. Camden Property Trust – Employee Relations Cadmen is known for its unique corporate philosophy, which promotes the concept of a people driven environment, which encourages team players to â€Å"work smart† (Empowering People par. 6) in an outcome oriented production process. The specified strategy, though being based on a variety of other approaches, needs to be promoted as the organization’s core advantage, as it builds the environment, in which the company members trust each other.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Addressing the Current HR Issues Human Capital Management Recognizing the value of human resources is an essential step that a company must make in order to attain success in the global market. In other words, both Wegmans and Cadmen must consider the idea of investing into their staff. Particularly, incentives and official acknowledgement of the staff’s success is likely to increase employee satisfaction significantly and, thus, boost their performance, which, in its turn, will raise both companies’ competitive advantage. Corporate Social Responsibility Once introduced into the framework of an organization, the principle of corporate social responsibility will allow the leaders of the companies to promote corporate values to the staff in a more efficient manner and, therefore, motivate employees for better performance. Conclusion Wegmans and Cadmen reached the position of the most successful organization as a result of their flexibility in the competitive strategy and elaboration in the use of the organization’s human resources. Despite overlooking some of the benefits that the HR strategies suggested above have to offer, both Wegmans and Cadmen have located the approach that suits them perfectly and allows them to keep all stakeholders satisfied. Works Cited About Us 2015. Web.https://www.camdenliving.com/about-camden. Annual Retail Industry Sales in the United States from 2000 to 2014 (in Trillion U.S. Dollars) 2015. Web. http://www.statista.com/statistics/243448/holiday-retail-industry-sales-in-the-united-states/. Caroll, Archie and Ann Buchholtz. Business and Society: Ethics, Sustainability, and Stakeholder Management. Stamford, Connecticut: Cengage Learning, 2014. Print. Empowering People 2015. Web. https://www.camdenliving.com/camden-culture. Holtom, Brooks C., Terence R. Mitchell and Thomas W. Lee. â€Å"Increasing Human and Social Capital by Applying Job Embeddedness Theory.† Organizational Dynamics 35.4 (2006): 316– 331. Print. NAICS. 2015. Real Estate Sales Brokerage in the US: Market Research Report. 2015. Web. http://www.ibisworld.com/industry/default.aspx?indid=1354. Real Estate Law 2015. Web. http://www.hg.org/realest.html. U.S. Environmental protection Agency. Basic Information. 2015. Web. http://www.epa.gov/retailindustry/basic.html. Wegmans 2015. Web. https://prezi.com/txdiyik61p8j/untitled-prezi/. Wegmans Food Market. We Dream Our Business. 2015. Web. http://wedreambusiness.org/Wegmans-Food-Markets.html. This research paper on Wegmans Food Markets v. Camden Property Trust was written and submitted by user Lexi House to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Rtgtg Research Paper Example Essay Example

Rtgtg Research Paper Example Paper That data includes, but is not limited to, student records, personnel records, business, and accounting records. The explosion of networks and Internet related informational activities means that this sensitive data is more conveniently available to authorized staff in ways undreamed of even a few years ago but is also at risk. M-DDCD must address the issue of the security of this data in such a way that all avenues of access are strictly controlled and that the privacy and value of the data are not compromised. The Office of Management and Compliance Audits (MAC), in concert with Loss of funding (for example, FEET) due to the transmission of incorrect data to other agencies Unfair penalty or advantage to students due to the transmission of incorrect data (for example, incorrect transcripts resulting in unfair penalty or advantage to students applying for college and/or scholarships) Loss of negotiating or advantage by unauthorized disclosure of lists and other business assets to vendors Liability for incorrect data (including State and Federal penalties) Errors in business decisions due to inaccurate data Negative publicity surrounding the use of incorrect data and subsequent regulatory enforcement Inability to process business transactions in a timely fashion or not at all Sensitive data is defined as any data that should only be viewed by authorized personnel. We will write a custom essay sample on Rtgtg Research Paper Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Rtgtg Research Paper Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Rtgtg Research Paper Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Data sensitivity is determined by, but not limited to, federal and state laws (including privacy acts), M-DDCD Board Policies, and decisions by senior staff and/or the data owners (see section 2. 1 of this document). 1. 3 Background of M-DDCD Data Security Historically, almost all M-DDCD data was kept on the M-DDCD mainframe at ITS and access was strictly controlled through the use of the mainframe IBM SO/390 Security Servers (RACE). As long as valuable data is kept on the mainframe, this accepted Trinidad-true method of protection will continue to be the mainstay of our mainframe security efforts. Moreover, it provides a model hierarchical protection scheme, which can be used in an expanded network security paradigm. This includes the delegation of local authorization duties to an approved supervisor at the site. Approved supervisors include school principals and department heads. 2. 0 Scope In this document, authorized staff will hereafter be defined as all M-DDCD employees, consultants, vendors, auditors, students, temporary help, volunteers, and others authorized by M-DDCD to use the specific M-DDCD computer systems, applications, and information required for the performance of their Job or function. These specific Page 2 of 2 functions are determined and/or approved by the site supervisor. Authorizations without the site administrators approval is prohibited. Modification of The following is a list of some of the individuals/resources the Network Security Standards apply to: All authorized staff, volunteers, students, and vendors as well as unauthorized parties seeking access to M-DDCD computer resources All M-DDCD mainframes, minicomputers, personal computers, outside timesharing reverie, outside suppliers of data, network systems, wireless devices, M-DDCD- licensed software, switches, routers, hubs, wireless devices, and computer workstations All M-DDCD data and reports derived from these facilities All programs developed on M-DDCD time or using company equipment All terminals, communication lines, and associated equipment on M-DDCD premises or connected to M-DDCD computers over physical or virtual links Any equipment not owned by M-DDCD but connected to the M-DDCD network. All M-DDCD staff and authorized non-staff must be aware of the risks and act in the best interest of M-DDCD. These standards detail staffs responsibilities for computer security. Unauthorized persons who attempt to use M-DDCD computer resources will be prosecuted to the fullest extent possible. 2. 1 Owners of Data All computer files and data are to be associated with a user. In general, unless otherwise specified, the head of the department who requested the creation of the files and programs that store and manipulate the data on the computer is the owner of the data. The owner is responsible for specifying whether the data is sensitive and which user-ids will be authorized to access it, or who will be responsible for giving ouch authorization. 3. Physical Security Adequate building security (both physical and environmental) must be provided for the protection of all physical and logical M-DDCD computer assets and especially sensitive applications and data. Security includes, but is not limited to, lockable doors and windows, limited access, protection from water, fire, and the elements, alarms, access controls, and surveillance devices such as cameras and monitors. Site supervisors must protect all hardware and software assigned to their location. Administrative computers must be segregated from classroom computers. Students ND unauthorized personnel should never have access to administrative machines. Page 3 of 3 4. Non-Mainframe System Security Non-mainframe systems (Local Area Network (LANA) and Wide Area Network (WAN)) must have the same protection methodology in place as do mainframes to ensure MADCAP computer assets are secure. Programmatic methods are to be used to control access to non-mainframe resources. These methods include defining specific users or groups to specific system resources, and use of the least privilege concept for access to all system-level resources such as the operating system, utilities, and databases. Least privilege is defined a s a default of no access to these resources and the requirement of explicit permission and authorization by the owner based on need. Non-Mainframe systems must be provided with: 1 . Auditing/logging of such security-relevant information as log-on information, resource access, and TCP/IP addresses whenever possible. 2. Security modifications and system administrator events. 3. Ability to audit [log specific users and resources on demand. 4. Ability to send specific security sensitive events directly to a specified administrators workstation, terminal, or e-mail, preferably with an audible alarm. . 1 M-DDCD Network Systems Security Network systems include any local area network (LANA)2, wide-area network (WAN)3, dial-up, Internet, servers, server connections, switches, hubs, routers, lines, software, and data that are outside the M-DDCD mainframe system. The security must include both physical and logical layers of protection. As M-DDCD moves from storing and transferring sensitive information used within the M-DDCD in a closed network architecture utilizing private and/or leased lines to an open network architecture using Internet and TCP/IP networks, employees must pay particular attention to the security of these assets. 4. 1. 1 Network Structure, Hierarchy, and Requirements As a statement of direction, all administrative PC-type servers in M-DDCD should migrate to the Windows 2003 (or above) operating system. Microsoft no longer supports Windows NT or Windows 2000 and will not provide fixes or reports for vulnerabilities, including any new ones found. No Windows NT servers are to be connected to the network and every effort must be made to remove Windows 2000 servers currently connected. Since these Operating Systems (SO) are unsupported, there is no anti-virus or patching available for them and they are therefore unprotected. Sensitive data should be moved to a server with a higher level SO. Applications should be updated to work on and be moved too higher level SO if at all possible. If an updated version is not available vendors must be notified that Page 4 of 4 they must provide an updated version of the application as soon as possible. All servers still using Microsoft Windows NT must be migrated to a Windows 2003 or above server platform immediately or disconnected from the network. Administrators of servers currently using Novella, or any other PC network operating system should also strongly consider migrating to Windows 2003 or above Server. Desktops and laptops connected to the network should similarly be migrated to Windows XP SSP or above to take advantage of higher levels of security. 2. The District employs Active Directory Services (ADS), a hierarchical process similar to a pyramid. Information Technology Services has established and maintains the root ADS (the top of the pyramid) for MADCAP and determines local and group policy settings. In Microsoft terms, this structure is best described as a forest. All other District servers will be added to the ITS established Active Directory forest. Below the root in the forest are Organizational Units (Us) that are the school and administrative sites in the District. These local US are simply smaller networks with their own Domain Controllers (DC) that connect to the M-DDCD network. These Dos are under ITS auth ority and are not to be managed in any way by the local OH administrators. Local OH administrators must strictly limit access to their OH from other US as well as the outside. ITS must have Enterprise Administrator rights to all US in the District forest. ITS must provide advanced notification of group policy changes. 4. Computers with Windows xx or earlier are prohibited from being connected to any M-DDCD network. The security features of this level of SO are extremely primitive and leave user accounts vulnerable to a variety of risks, including unencrypted caching of user-ids and passwords. As stated previously in this document, all Windows computer SO must be Windows XP SSP or above. This level SO provides protection from the various strains of worms, which propagate rapidly through networks via computers with a lower level SO. Although Windows 2000 workstations employ a better security paradigm than Windows xx, they are no longer supported by Microsoft and should be replaced and/or removed from the network as soon as possible, as described in preceding sections. 5. All locations must migrate from the original school and District networks to the decathlons network. Most of these are old networks with weak security and must be removed from production immediately. 6. M-DDCD Board Policies/directives/standards regarding the following topics must be read and followed at all times: M-DDCD Acceptable Use Policy of the Network/Lenten for staff http:// www. Enola. Com/mediated-FL/search/policies/p07540. 04. HTML M-DDCD Acceptable Use Policy of the Network/Lenten for students http:// www. Enola. Com/mediated-FL/search/policies/p07540. 03. HTML Page 5 of 5 M-DDCD Board Policy regarding Copyright http://www. Enola. Com/mediated-FL/search/policies/p02531. HTML M-DDCD Board Policy regarding staff use of District e-mail systems http:// www. Lola. Com/mediated-FL/search/policies/p07540. 05. HTML M-DDCD Board Policy regarding student use of District e-mail systems http:// www. Enola. Com/mediated-FL/search/policies/p07540. 06. HTML The Office of Management and Compliance Audits (MAC) web site, which includes the School IT Audit Assessment http://Mac. decathlon s. Net/audits/it. Asp 7. Each department or school must maintain a disaster contingency plan to provide for recovery of data in case of catastrophic loss. At minimum, all MADCAP data must be backed-up once a week and all mission-critical data must be backed-up daily. Data on the backup media will be verified as usable. 8. Administrative computers are defined as non-classroom computers on which M-DDCD requisition and business functions, exempt student academic and demographic data, staff e-mail directives, staff tasks, etc. Are stored and/or viewed. These computers should be kept physically and virtually separate from instructional computers. Students are not to have access, either physical or virtual, to production servers or any administrative computers. 9. Every effort should be made to secure classroom machines on which student testing, test grading and evaluation, grade book activities, and staff e-mail functions are carried out. This includes: a. Installing application passwords and timeouts, b. Up-to-date anti-virus software, c. Separate computers for teacher use only, d. He most current version of the Districts patch- management software to ensure the computer has the most recent software and operating system security patches, e. Installation of anti-spare applications when available, f. Possib le storage of grade and test data on removable (encrypted) media, and g. Limiting unsupervised student access as much as possible individual student accounts or common student accounts (STUDENT) should be separate from teacher accounts. Page 6 of 6 10. All administrative computers and server consoles that are used to access or control sensitive data must have a screen saver timeout and password after a specific period of inactivity or some other lockout mechanism to prevent unauthorized persons from accessing the data via the logged-in users account. The Windows timeout with password is available even if the specific application does not have one. Users should also be in the habit of locking their computer or logging off when they are finished or leaving the computer unattended, even for a brief time (See section 5. 1. 3 in this document). These computers may also have boot-up passwords. The timeout may be temporarily turned off by the local adman when the computer is to be used for presentations or other instructional activities but must be turned back on when the activity has been completed. 1 1 . Classroom computers are defined as computers used by students or servers that once instructional computers. There are to be no administrative applications, especially mainframe sessions, installed on any of these computers or servers. 12. Outside access to M-DDCD networks should only be through hardened Web servers. This means that Web servers should have no other applications running on them and should not connect easily to the rest of the M-DDCD network. Information on Web pages must be kept as current as possible. 13. Access to critical resources should be managed by assigning individuals to a group. The group should be set up with the authority necessary to do the specific job/task or access specific data. This will provide management with a more efficient method to remove access authority when a user no longer is responsible for performing the task. Group membership should be reviewed on a regular basis to ensure all members are appropriate. Under no circumstances should users be assigned data folder or application rights as an individual, except for home folders. 14. Locations maintaining their own network components must keep diagrammed documentation indicating how the network is physically conferred (I. E. , location of servers, switches, routers, etc. ). 15. All software that restricts, prevents or inhibits updates sent by ITS, including, but not limited to Deep Freeze, Fortress, Clean Slate, HAD Guard, and others of this type are not to be installed without written permission from ITS. 16. No form of Wake On Lana (WOOL) tool should be used to automatically turn on computers unless it is for immediate maintenance purposes, such as imaging or to allow monthly updates to be sent. The use of this type of a tool undermines the purpose and effect of the new Power Management Program, which is a District-wide initiative that will save millions of dollars and help reduce emissions (See 5. 0. 17). In addition, local power management settings on PCs should only be altered by ITS. Page 7 of 7 4. 1. 2 Data Access, Transfer and Communication 1 . Firewalls are servers that function as a barrier preventing unauthorized outside access to the M-DDCD network. Exceptions requiring access from the outside must be documented by filling out Its Remote Client Support Agreement IP Entry (FM-6045) (old), or either of the new VPN/Dial-Up Access Request forms (FM-6629, for vendors or employees). ITS will keep firewall audit logs and review them regularly for illicit activity against the firewall. 2. Access to secure mainframe applications via the network requires RACE authorization. 3. Dial-in to the M-DDCD network requires network authorization and access authentication. 4. Accessing District resources using Remote Access Services (RASA) such as Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), dial-in technology with a modem, from external providers may pose a risk to the network and the data. This provides a back door around network security by giving users a direct connection to a remote server. If remote access is authorized and sensitive/confidential data is to be transmitted, the line must be secured by Virtual Private Network (VPN), Secure Socket Layer (SSL), or some other genealogy that encrypts the data so that it is never transmitted in clear text. Hackers using sniffed technology often scan transmission lines looking for data they can use. Examples include user-ids and passwords, account numbers and financial information, student data deemed exempt from public release by state law, or Human Resource (HRS) data. 5. The use of communications software that provides the ability to remotely take over a network connected PC is prohibited unless authorized by ITS. If it is used, it should be strictly controlled by the local administrator and user. It should be turned on only when support is needed (and the user has given permission, if applicable) and immediately turned off once the support has been provided. Certain remote administration tools, like VAN freeware, are unsupported, have known security vulnerabilities, and are removed when found by the Districts anti-spare. ITS recommends district technical staff uses Damager as a low cost alternative to VAN. 6. Confidential data taken from the District, whether via laptop, Jump drive, removable media like a CD or floppy disk, PDA, e-mail, FTP, printed report, or any other method, must be encrypted, redacted, or otherwise terrorized so if the content falls in the wrong hands it cannot be misused. Agencies outside the school systems secure cloud that engage in File Transfer Protocol (FTP)5 operations or e-mail transmission with the District in which confidential data is transferred are to be encouraged to utilize an encryption process requiring asymmetrical (public and private) keys, such Page 8 of 8 as BGP (Pretty Good Privacy). Transfer of confidential data and any exceptions to the encryption process must be authorized by ITS. 7. Application software that has built- in security functions must have these functions activated when this software involves influential data. In addition, new software purchased to handle confidential data should have security capabilities as documented in sections 5. 1 Usuries and Passwords and 4. 0 Non-Mainframe System Security. 8. Users should be aware that unprotected folders on the network are prey to many different forms of hacking. It is the responsibility of the local site administrator to ensure that this data is secure. 9. Network Administrators, including ITS staff, are prohibited from viewing or otherwise manipulating user files on the users local drive without the permission of he user or the approval of appropriate administrative, legal or police staff unless there is a critical need to do so. Critical need is defined as faulty system function, virus activity, illicit hacking or Internet activities, pornographic or other offensive material activity, or other violations of District policies. These policies include, but are not limited to, the Network and Internet Acceptable Use Policy, the Staff and Student EMail Policies, the Copyright Infringement Policy, the Network Security Standards or any other District policy, Board Policy or directive relating to user conduct. It should e noted that the District e-mail policies discuss the lack of privacy in the e-mail system at length. 10. Personal or vendor-owned devices such as desktops, laptops, Personal Digital Assistants (Pads), etc. , or portable/removable storage devices/media such as Universal Serial Bus (USB) Jump drives should not be connected to any M-DDCD network without network administrator/site supervisor approval. These devices may carry applications, configurations, viruses, etc. That pose a risk to the network or may be used to remove sensitive data from the network. School system technicians may grant approval after,

Homophones Pail and Pale

Homophones Pail and Pale The words pail and pale are  homophones: they sound alike but have different meanings. Definitions The noun pail refers to a bucket a container for holding and carrying something. The adjective pale means unusually light in color or weak. As a verb, pale means to become pale or to seem weaker or less important. As a noun, pale means a post, a fence, or a boundary (as in the expression beyond the pale). Usage Examples To wash his little red wagon, the boy brought a pail of water, a sponge, and some clean clothes.He was as black as coal, with a long, alert, intelligent, rakehell face. His eyes gleamed with mischief, and he held his head high. . . . Jupiter went where he pleased, ransacking wastebaskets, clotheslines, garbage pails, and shoe bags.(John Cheever, The Country Husband. The New Yorker, 1955)Marie walked along the path in the pale light of the dawn.Usually I spent the afternoons under the box  elder trees, or by the ditch behind the machine sheds, where dragonflies and pale blue moths circled just out of reach.(Grace Stone Coates, Wild Plums. Black Cherries, 1931)What passes for paella at most restaurants is a pale imitation of the real thing.I lit a cigar, and as I sat in my easy chair with the roses  beside me the light of the July  evening paled and paled till I sat alone in the darkness.(Bram Stoker, Bengal Roses, 1898) Idiom Alerts Beyond the Pale The idiom beyond the pale means socially or morally improper or unacceptable.The billionaire investor Peter Thiel, outed by the local arm of the Gawker media empire, secretly financed a lawsuit to destroy it. Silicon Valley did not rise en masse and say this was seriously beyond the pale.(David Streitfeld, What It Is Actually Like to Be in the Engine Room of the Start-Up Economy. The New York Times, July 5, 2016) Pale in Comparison The expression pale in comparison (with something) means to appear less important, serious, or worthwhile when compared to something else.[T]he financial benefits that come to men because of their greater investments in work early in life may  pale in comparison  to the sizable toll these investments have taken on mens relationships, especially with their children, by the time work careers subside or finish.(Victoria Hilkevitch Bedford and Barbara Formaniak Turner,  Men in Relationships. Springer,  2006) Practice Quiz (a) In the glare of the sun, Jennifers red hair seemed brighter than ever, emphasizing her _____ complexion.(b) The young woman carried a large _____ of milk on her head.(c) Colonel Kurtz was operating without any restraints, totally beyond the _____ of acceptable human conduct.(d) Pete weighed each _____  of oysters  on a scale and tallied the measures on a chalkboard next to each shuckers name.(Christopher White,  Skipjack.  Rowman   Littlefield,  2009)   Answers to Practice Exercises (a) pale(b) pail(c) pale(d) pail

Importance of Smoke Alarms in Homes Research Paper

Importance of Smoke Alarms in Homes - Research Paper Example This paper will outline the significance of installing smoke alarms in homes as a means to secure them from risks of potential fires. A fire disaster is a dreaded situation, which can result from gas leaks, short-circuits or overheated appliances. Smoke alarms are very helpful in considerably reducing the chances of fire hazards in homes. However, there are many households that have neglected to install smoke alarms, despite their life-saving potential and low cost, or have been careless in maintaining the installed detectors. Like any other battery-operated device, smoke alarms also require regular maintenance to ensure that they are in good operating condition and have sufficient batteries at the time of a hazardous situation (UL 2011). Effective and reliable smoke alarms are easily available at reasonably low prices; whereas more advanced models can be linked to a security system that automatically notifies the fire department. According to a recent study by the US Fire Administra tion (USFA), the number of household fires has increased on a year-on-year basis by almost 2%, resulting in an overall loss of over 2,500 lives and 6.5 trillion dollars (USFA 2011). Another research, carried out by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has estimated that 96% of all households have a smoke alarm present, but only 70% of these are in working condition. However, from the 400,000 household fires that have been approximately reported, 72% of the deaths were caused by either an unmaintained or missing smoke alarm (NFPA 2011). Most of these fires also cause injuries, which may result in disfigurement and other mental effects (Miller et al. 1982). A working smoke alarm  doubles  the chances of survival from a fire (NFPA 2011). The majority of fire hazards take place at night, especially when people are asleep and may not detect the spreading smoke or fire. Smoke alarms keep that risk down by alerting everyone in the household when smoke is detected. It helps t he occupants find a safe passage out of their homes, before they become trapped in the fire. Most of the deaths that take place are usually due to suffocation from smoke or other gaseous substances, which are invisible to the human eye and can spread rapidly around the house. Hence, without smoke alarms, smoke is likely to go unnoticed, especially during the night, posing a great threat to the occupants of the house (DOS 2007). However, with a functioning smoke detector, the residents can easily discover and sense if there is smoke spreading in the house and save themselves and their loved ones from possible dangers. Smoke alarms do not prevent fires, but because they provide warnings of small fires, or smokes, that can be easily extinguished, they reduce the number of fires that become serious enough to cause injuries or burns, leading to fatalities. In a recent tragic incident, a family was using a space heater to heat their house. Their house did not have a smoke alarm installed. Unfortunately, the heater malfunctioned, causing a small local fire, which went unnoticed due to the absence of a smoke alarm. The fire spread rapidly, and in a couple of minutes, the fire had engulfed the house completely, trapping the whole family inside it. Sadly, by the time the fire department arrived at the scene, the family members were critically injured. They were immediately shifted to a hospital, where three children succumbed to their injuries and passed away. The parents are still recovering