Adequacy vc. Equity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Adequacy vc. Equity - Research Paper Example re sufficient to achieve such envisaged goals, and which agencies and institutions could be and should be attributed the responsibility to furnish resources for these purposes (Marzano & Kendall, 1999). School funding is a topic that has achieved the immense attention of parents, tax payers and policy makers across the length and breadth of the United States (Marzano & Kendall, 1999). Since the 70s, there has been a deluge of the law suits filed in the law courts of almost all the states of America. Therefore, equity versus adequacy debate is of apt relevance in this context. The equity issue in the sphere of school funding came into light with the filing of Serrano vs. Priest case in California in 1971 (Odden & Picus, 1999, p. 129). In 1976, the California State Supreme Court extended the judgment that California school funding arrangements violated the guarantee to equal protection under law enshrined in the United States Constitution. The equity concept highlighted by this case professed that all the school districts in a state should have access to same and equal resources to extend education to their students (Odden & Picus, 1999, p. 131). In the domain of educational finance, equity means the placement of provisions to assure equality in the distribution of educational resources by a state across districts, and to put in place a system for fairness, so far as the allocation of available resources for funding school education are concerned. The equity principle has its advantages in the sense that it allows for the placement of uniformly enforceable educational standards across a state. However, the big problem with the equity principle is that it does not take into consideration the variegated nature of American demography. There are some sections of the American society that have been traditionally marginalized and sidelined, and hence need access to more than average resources for educational purposes. Equity principle simply ignores the different costs

Corporate Social Responsibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Corporate Social Responsibility - Essay Example Should business take a cut in their profit margins in order to employ the jobless people or take part in environmental conservation practises? The answer to this question can be answered by analysing the long run effects of such a move to the business. When a business entity takes a cut in order to participate in corporate social responsibility, the earnings of the owners are reduced, this may have the effect of dampening their interests on the business or they may pressurize the chief executive officer of the business to make more profits for them. In turn, this would have the effect of increasing the prices of the goods and services that the company produces therefore a negative effect to the consumers, which the company was trying by getting involved in corporate social responsibility activities. Corporate social responsibility among business entities means that the business is getting money from consumers of their products and other stakeholders and spending it on their choice pr oject without necessarily consulting the financiers of the whole project since the decision of the project lies wholly on the chief executive officer and the board of directors. ... Financial fraud has been with us for a relatively long period of time where corporates have been tampering with their financial information to lie about their financial position in order to attract investors or to keep investors from investing in other rival firms. This has the effect of making investors lose billion of money when these companies collapse. For instance, Enron, Tyco, Worldcom and Adelphia have been involved in financial scandals involving manipulating of their financial information. Another form of financial fraud involves employees who are torn between pursuing their own selfish interests or the interests of their clients. For instance, brokers in insurance of money market are usually faced with the dilemma of pursuing their own selfish gains at the expense of the client’s interests although the law requires them to pursue their clients’ interests before their own. This trend is caused by the commission remuneration system that is used to pay brokers ba sed on the volume of business that they transact. Consumers are also involved in fraud, which cost the United States economy billions of dollars in revenue. The fraud from consumers is spread across almost all sectors of the economy, however the most hit sector is the insurance sector, which is reported to have lost about 10 per cent of the total claims to fraud, this includes claims on items that are not lost or damaged and treatment that is not offered. The clothing sector is another worst hit by fraud with estimates showing that about 16 billion dollars may have been lost in 2002 due to ‘wardrobing’ which is the returning of old clothes. Another area